Scientists studying impacts of Hurricane Ian on sea life in the Gulf of Mexico

Reporter: Elizabeth Biro Writer: Matthew Seaver
Published: Updated:
Gulf of Mexico
240 Ledge. (Credit: Dr. James Douglass, associate professor of marine science at the Water School at FGCU)

A week-long voyage in the Gulf of Mexico has come to an end. Scientists aboard the Hogarth research vessel traveled south from St. Pete to Collier County to study Hurricane Ian’s impact on the Gulf.

“Every time I went there, this was one of my favorite places to go dive in Southwest Florida,” said Cole Tillman, a marine science student in the Water School at Florida Gulf Coast University. “I was always excited to come out here.”

There is a reef approximately 25 miles off Fort Myers Beach in the Gulf of Mexico called 240 Ledge. Tillman has dove this reef nearly two dozen times.

240 Ledge. (Credit: Dr. James Douglass, associate professor of marine science at the Water School at FGCU)

“It was this really lush reef. It had a great abundance of soft corals, hard corals,” said Tillman.

Dr. James Douglass, an associate professor of marine science at the Water School at FGCU, provided shared photos of 240 Ledge from before Hurricane Ian. It is one of many areas he’s studied.

240 Ledge before Hurricane Ian. (Credit: Dr. James Douglass, associate professor of marine science at the Water School at FGCU)

“One of the reasons that we’re monitoring the sea bottom life is we want to see how it changes when there’s a disturbance like a red tide or, in this case, a hurricane happened to happen in the middle of our study, so we’re really interested to see how that affected the life,” said Douglass.

240 Ledge after Hurricane Ian. (Credit: Dr. James Douglass, associate professor of marine science at the Water School at FGCU)

The life, as you can see from the photo above, taken by Douglass three weeks after Ian hit, is hurting.

“There were just a few survivors from among that diverse community that was there before peaking their heads out of the muck,” Douglass said. “I was excited to be able to go down there since we were worried about the conditions before, but I wasn’t too excited about what we saw. It was very beat up down there, it almost looked like the moon.”

A thick layer of clay-like mud now smothers the sea floor. Hard corals at 240 Ledge were completely wiped away.

“One of the strangest things down there was this ledge that the site is named after was almost gone because the mud had filled in on the other side of the ledge,” said Douglass.

They did spot a few fish down there, a positive sign, but a lot of native species were gone. That absence has allowed invasive species like the lionfish to move in.

Invasive Lionfish on 240 Ledge. (Credit: Dr. James Douglass, associate professor of marine science at the Water School at FGCU)

“It’s going to take mother nature a long time to rebuild. I don’t know how long. That’s what we’re trying to find out, actually. Could be decades, could be years, I don’t know,” said Tillman.

“What we hope is in the meantime we don’t get any further after effects to the storm like algae blooms because if we have this physical disturbance of the waves and the burial in mud and then we have algae blooms afterwards that can really be a knockout punch for the life down there,” Douglass said.

If the water quality improves, it could help chart the path toward recovery.

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